SpringBoot Security认证Redis缓存用户信息实战教程

1引言

本文将介绍如何使用Spring Boot Security进行认证，并通过Redis缓存用户信息，实现更高效的身份验证。

2Spring Boot Security简介

3集成Spring Boot Security

<!– pom.xml –>
<dependencies>
<!– Spring Boot Security –>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
</dependency>

<!– Spring Data Redis –>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
</dependencies>

4配置Spring Boot Security

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

@Bean
public UserDetailsService userDetailsService() {
UserDetails user = User.withUsername(“user”)
.password(passwordEncoder().encode(“password”))
.roles(“USER”)
.build();
return new InMemoryUserDetailsManager(user);
}

@Bean
public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
}

@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsService())
.passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
}

@Override
protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
http.authorizeRequests()
.antMatchers(“/public/**”).permitAll()
.anyRequest().authenticated()
.and()
.formLogin().permitAll()
.and()
.logout().permitAll();
}
}

5Redis配置

# application.properties

# Redis配置
spring.redis.host=localhost
spring.redis.port=6379
spring.redis.password=###

6Redis缓存用户信息

import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.data.redis.connection.RedisConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.bcrypt.BCryptPasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.crypto.password.PasswordEncoder;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.UserDetailsManager;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.UserDetailsManagerConfigurer;
import org.springframework.security.provisioning.redis.RedisUserDetailsManager;

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

// 省略其他配置…

@Bean
public UserDetailsService userDetailsService(RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory) {
RedisUserDetailsManager userDetailsManager = new RedisUserDetailsManager(redisConnectionFactory);

UserDetails user = User.withUsername(“user”)
.password(passwordEncoder().encode(“password”))
.roles(“USER”)
.build();

userDetailsManager.createUser(user);
return userDetailsManager;
}

// 省略其他配置…
}

7使用Redis缓存的用户信息进行认证

import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsManager;

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

// 省略其他配置…

@Autowired
private UserDetailsManager userDetailsManager;

@Override
protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
auth.userDetailsService(userDetailsManager)
.passwordEncoder(passwordEncoder());
}

// 省略其他配置…
}

8测试认证功能

@RestController
public class TestController {

@GetMapping(“/public/hello”)
public String helloPublic() {
return “Hello, this is a public page!”;
}

@GetMapping(“/private/hello”)
public String helloPrivate() {
return “Hello, this is a private page!”;
}
}

9性能优化与拓展

9.1 性能优化

• 缓存策略调优： 可以根据实际应用情况调整Redis缓存的过期策略和淘汰策略，以最大程度地提高缓存效率。

• 集群部署： 对于高并发的应用，考虑将Redis部署成集群，提供更高的并发处理能力。

9.2 拓展功能

• 自定义用户信息存储： 可以实现自定义的UserDetailsService，将用户信息存储到其他持久化介质中，如数据库。
• 单点登录（SSO）： 考虑与单点登录系统集成，实现在多个系统中的单一登录。

10总结

admin普通

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